Which factor contributes to the high cost of caustic-soda softening?

Which factor contributes to the high cost of caustic-soda softening?

• A. Its effectiveness is low compared to others.
• B. It requires frequent maintenance.
• C. It is more expensive than lime or lime and soda ash treatment.
• D. It necessitates special labor skills.

Answer: (C)

The high cost of caustic-soda softening can primarily be attributed to its higher material costs compared to other treatment methods, such as lime or a combination of lime and soda ash. Caustic soda, which is sodium hydroxide, is generally more expensive than lime, making the operational expenses of this process comparatively higher. Moreover, while caustic soda is effective in softening water and adjusting pH levels, this advantages come with a price tag that can make it less economically favorable. The material costs can be a significant factor for many water treatment facilities when deciding on the appropriate method to use. This financial aspect is key for utilities that need to weigh both effectiveness and operational cost in their water treatment processes.

The high cost of caustic-soda softening can primarily be attributed to its higher material costs compared to other treatment methods, such as lime or a combination of lime and soda ash. Caustic soda, which is sodium hydroxide, is generally more expensive than lime, making the operational expenses of this process comparatively higher.

Moreover, while caustic soda is effective in softening water and adjusting pH levels, this advantages come with a price tag that can make it less economically favorable. The material costs can be a significant factor for many water treatment facilities when deciding on the appropriate method to use. This financial aspect is key for utilities that need to weigh both effectiveness and operational cost in their water treatment processes.