What are the two critical factors affecting the effectiveness of chlorination?

What are the two critical factors affecting the effectiveness of chlorination?

• A. pH level and contact time
• B. Temperature and chlorine concentration
• C. Concentration of chlorine and contact time
• D. Flow rate and pH level

Answer: (C)

The effectiveness of chlorination in water treatment primarily hinges on two key factors: the concentration of chlorine and the contact time. Chlorine concentration refers to the amount of chlorine that is present in the water being treated. Higher concentrations can lead to more effective disinfection, as they have a greater ability to react with pathogens and kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. However, there is a balance to be maintained, as excessively high chlorine levels may lead to formation of harmful byproducts and can be detrimental to taste, odor, and environmental safety. Contact time refers to the duration that chlorine is allowed to stay in contact with the water and the pathogens being targeted for disinfection. Sufficient contact time ensures that the chlorine has adequate time to act on the microorganisms. If the contact time is too short, the chlorine may not effectively kill all the pathogens present, leading to inadequate disinfection and an increased risk of waterborne illnesses. In summary, both the concentration of chlorine and the length of time it is allowed to interact with water and contaminants significantly influence the chlorination process's overall effectiveness. Understanding this relationship is crucial for designing efficient disinfection processes in water treatment systems. Other factors mentioned in the options may affect water treatment processes but do not directly impact

The effectiveness of chlorination in water treatment primarily hinges on two key factors: the concentration of chlorine and the contact time.

Chlorine concentration refers to the amount of chlorine that is present in the water being treated. Higher concentrations can lead to more effective disinfection, as they have a greater ability to react with pathogens and kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. However, there is a balance to be maintained, as excessively high chlorine levels may lead to formation of harmful byproducts and can be detrimental to taste, odor, and environmental safety.

Contact time refers to the duration that chlorine is allowed to stay in contact with the water and the pathogens being targeted for disinfection. Sufficient contact time ensures that the chlorine has adequate time to act on the microorganisms. If the contact time is too short, the chlorine may not effectively kill all the pathogens present, leading to inadequate disinfection and an increased risk of waterborne illnesses.

In summary, both the concentration of chlorine and the length of time it is allowed to interact with water and contaminants significantly influence the chlorination process's overall effectiveness. Understanding this relationship is crucial for designing efficient disinfection processes in water treatment systems. Other factors mentioned in the options may affect water treatment processes but do not directly impact